South Africa case law

Every reported South Africa judgment indexed on CaseNotes, with full citations. 7,249 cases — page 15 of 37.

  1. Kransfontein Beleggings (Pty) Ltd v Corlink Twenty Five (Pty) Ltd(624/2016) [2017] ZASCA 131 (29 September 2017)
  2. Kranspoort Community v Dutch Reformed Church of Transvaal and OthersLCC26/98 (10 December 1999)
  3. Kransrand Body Corporate v PR IsaacCSOS 6016/GP/23 (Adjudication Order, 8 February 2024)
  4. Kriel v Beukes(346/06) [2007] ZASCA 74
  5. Kriel v The Legal Aid Board(138/08) [2009] ZASCA 76
  6. Kriel v The State(483/10) [2011] ZASCA 113 (01 June 2011)
  7. Kristine Kalmer v Gaironisa Davids NO (in her capacity as the Executor in the Estate: late Yasmin Salie) and Another(501/2023) [2025] ZASCA 26 (28 March 2025)
  8. Krohne (Pty) Ltd v Strategic Fuel Fund Association(476/2023) [2024] ZASCA 99 (14 June 2024)
  9. Krok v Commissioner for the South African Revenue Services(20230/2014 and 20232/2014) [2015] ZASCA 107 (20 August 2015)
  10. Krügel Heinsen Incorporated v Thompson and Another(41/2022) [2023] ZASCA 38 (31 March 2023)
  11. Kruger Johan and Hume John v The Minister of Water and Environmental Affairs and OthersCase No: 57221/12 (High Court of South Africa, Gauteng Division, Pretoria)
  12. Kruger v Coetzee1966 (2) SA 428 (A)
  13. Kruger v Goss and another(603/08) [2009] ZASCA 105
  14. Kruger v Joint Trustees of the Insolvent Estate of Paulos Bhekinkosi Zulu(1121/2015) [2016] ZASCA 163 (10 November 2016)
  15. Kruger v Joles Eiendom (Pty) Ltd(400/07) [2008] ZASCA 138 (27 November 2008)
  16. Kruger v National Director of Public Prosecutions[2018] ZACC 13
  17. K Seven Investments CC v Anchorprops 162 (Pty) Ltd and Others[2024] ZAWCHC 293
  18. KSL v AL(356/2023) [2024] ZASCA 96 (13 June 2024)
  19. Kubheka and Another v The State(200/2020) [2021] ZASCA 25 (24 March 2021)
  20. Kudu Granite Operations (Pty) Ltd v Caterna LimitedCase no: 100/02
  21. Kudus Kloof Trust v J Teni and OthersCase No: LCC 61R/2008 (unreported)
  22. Kumarnath Mohunram and Shelgate Investments CC v The National Director of Public Prosecutions(CCT 19/06) [2007] ZACC 4
  23. Kumbulane Vukani Zulu v The State(529/19) [2019] ZASCA 166 (29 November 2019)
  24. Kunene and Others v Minister of Police(260/2020) [2021] ZASCA 76 (10 June 2021)
  25. Kunene Rampala Inc. v North West Province Department of Education and Sport Development(460/2022) [2023] ZASCA 120 (15 September 2023)
  26. Kurt Robert Knoop and Others v Tegeta Exploration and Resources (Pty) Ltd and Others(312/2024) [2025] ZASCA 96 (30 June 2025)
  27. Kutete Hlantlalala and Others v N Y Dyantyi NO and AnotherCase No: 411/98
  28. Kuttel v Master of the High Court and Others(819/2021) [2022] ZASCA 156 (16 November 2022)
  29. Kuzwayo and Others v Umkhonto Wesizwe Political Party and Another[2024] ZAWCHC 246
  30. Kwadukuza Municipality v Consolidated Aone Trade and Invest 6 (Pty) Ltd [in Liquidation] and Others(1273/2023) [2025] ZASCA 86 (11 June 2025)
  31. KwaDukuza Municipality v Lahaf (Pty) Ltd(940/18) [2020] ZASCA 09
  32. Kwalindile Community v King Sabata Dalindyebo Municipality and Others; Zimbane Community v King Sabata Dalindyebo Municipality and Others(CCT 52/12) [2013] ZACC 6
  33. Kwanape v The State(422/12) [2012] ZASCA 168 (26 November 2012)
  34. Kwa Sani Municipality v Underberg/Himeville Community Watch Association(180/2014) [2015] ZASCA 24 (20 March 2015)
  35. KwaZulu CMS Monitoring Systems (Pty) Ltd v KwaZulu-Natal Gambling Board(470/06) [2007] ZASCA 131
  36. KwaZulu-Natal Bookmakers' Society and Another v Phumelela Gaming and Leisure Ltd and Others(889/2018) [2019] ZASCA 116 (19 September 2019)
  37. KwaZulu-Natal Joint Liaison Committee v Member of the Executive Council, Department of Education, KwaZulu-Natal and Others[2013] ZACC 10
  38. Kweleta v George Municipality and Others[2024] ZAWCHC 5
  39. Kwikspace Modular Buildings Limited v Sabodala Mining Company SARL and Nedbank Limited(173/09) [2010] ZASCA 15 (18 March 2010)
  40. Kwinda v The State(076/14) [2014] ZASCA 136 (25 September 2014)
  41. L.A and Another v Body Corporate of London Place and Others2025 (1) SA 147 (WCC)
  42. Labour Party of South Africa and Others v Electoral Commission of South Africa and Others[2024] ZAEC 04
  43. Lachman v The State(432/09) [2010] ZASCA 14 (15 March 2010)
  44. Laerskool Generaal Hendrik Schoeman v Bastian Financial Services (Pty) Ltd(CCT 22/09) [2009] ZACC 12
  45. Lafras Luitingh v Minister of DefenceCase CCT 29/95
  46. Lagoonbay Lifestyle Estate (Pty) Ltd v The Minister for Local Government, Environmental Affairs and Development Planning of the Western Cape & others(320/12) [2013] ZASCA 13 (15 March 2013)
  47. Lagoon Beach Hotel (Pty) Ltd v Christopher D Lehane NO(235/2015) [2015] ZASCA 210
  48. LA Group (Pty) Ltd v Stable Brands (Pty) Ltd and Another(650/2020) [2021] ZASCA 161 (25 November 2022)
  49. LA Group (Pty) Ltd v Stable Brands (Pty) Ltd and Another(Case no 650/2020) [2022] ZASCA 20 (22 February 2022)
  50. LA Health Medical Scheme v Johannes Petrus Louw Horn and Others(385/13) [2014] ZASCA 72
  51. Lakes Forestry & Development CC v Cognad Properties CC[2024] ZAWCHC 45; [2024] 2 All SA 83 (WCC)
  52. Lalaphanzi Body Corporate v PS BaleniCSOS 8170/GP/23 (Adjudication Order, 27 March 2024)
  53. Lalibela Management Services Proprietary Limited v Zameka Payi and OthersLANC: 27R2024
  54. La Lucia Sands Share Block Limited v Barkhan(37/10) [2010] ZASCA 132
  55. La Lucia Sands Share Block Ltd v Flexi Holiday Club(171/11) [2012] ZASCA 53
  56. Lamprecht v Klipeiland (Pty) Limited(753/2013) [2014] ZASCA 125
  57. Lana Groenewald v Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration and OthersCase No: C99/2022 (Labour Court, Cape Town)
  58. Lancelot Stellenbosch Mountain Retreat (Pty) Ltd v Gore NO and Others(108/2014) [2015] ZASCA 37
  59. Lancino Financial Investment (Pty) Ltd v F J Bennet(358/07) [2008] ZASCA 74 (30 May 2008)
  60. Land Access Movement of South Africa and Others v Chairperson of the National Council of Provinces and Others[2016] ZACC 22
  61. Land & Agricultural Development Bank of SA t/a Land Bank v The Master of the High Court and Others(352/05) [2006] ZASCA 68
  62. Land and Agricultural Bank of South Africa v J H Janse van Rensburg NO and M A Dlavane NOCase no: 297/2003
  63. Land and Agricultural Bank of South Africa v J L Parker and OthersCase no: 186/2003
  64. Land and Agricultural Bank of South Africa v The Minister of Rural Development and Land Reform and Others(1174/2021) [2022] ZASCA 133 (13 October 2022)
  65. Land and Agricultural Development Bank of South Africa v Lazercore Eight (Pty) Ltd and Others[2024] ZAWCHC 109; [2024] 3 All SA 273 (WCC); 2024 (6) SA 267 (WCC)
  66. Landev (Pty) Ltd v Black Eagle Project, RoodekransCase No: 6085/07 (South Gauteng High Court, Johannesburg)
  67. Land & Landbouontwikkelingsbank van Suid-Afrika v Pierre ConradieCase number: 452/03 (SCA)
  68. Lanele Group (Pty) Ltd v Transnet Soc LimitedCase Number: 084385/2023, High Court of South Africa, Gauteng Division, Johannesburg (unreported judgment dated 26 February 2026)
  69. Langa v Hlophe(697/08) [2009] ZASCA 36 (31 March 2009)
  70. Langa v Premier, Limpopo and Others[2021] ZACC 38
  71. Langa v The State(640/16) [2017] ZASCA 2 (23 February 2017)
  72. Lappeman Diamond Cutting Works (Pty) Ltd v MIB Group (Pty) Ltd and AnotherCase No: 312/2002, Supreme Court of Appeal, heard 19 August 2003, delivered 29 September 2003
  73. Larbi-Odam and Others v Member of the Executive Council for Education (North-West Province) and Another1998 (1) SA 745 (CC); 1997 (12) BCLR 1655 (CC); CCT 2/97
  74. Larenhill Villas Body Corporate v Barbara Lynn ErasmusCSOS 12858/WC/23 (Adjudication Order, 8 April 2024)
  75. Larina Venter obo Arnold Klaasen v Road Accident Fund(660/2006) [2007] ZASCA 158
  76. La Riviera 1 Body Corporate v P.F. BrinkCSOS829/WC/23 (Adjudication Order, 14 August 2023)
  77. Latari House (Pty) Ltd and Others v Danca and Others (17211/2023) [2024] ZAWCHC 382 (13 November 2024)
  78. Lategan and Another v The Director of Public Prosecutions, Western Cape and Another(314/2022) [2024] ZASCA 74 (10 May 2024)
  79. Lateovista (Pty) Limited v Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality2025-038460
  80. Laubscher N.O. v Duplan and Another[2016] ZACC 44
  81. Laugh It Off Promotions CC v South African Breweries International (Finance) B V t/a Sabmark InternationalCase No 242/2003, [2004] SCA (unreported, delivered 16 September 2004)
  82. Laugh It Off Promotions CC v South African Breweries International (Finance) B.V. t/a SABMARK International(CCT 42/04) [2005] ZACC 7 (27 May 2005)
  83. Lauren De Almeida v Reeflords Property Development (Pty) LtdCase no: JS 69/17
  84. Laurie John Fraser v The StateCase number 258/04
  85. Laurie Noël Bannatyne v Nadena BannatyneCase No: 177/2001
  86. La Vallee Body Corporate v N BuhleCSOS 8351/GP/23 (Adjudication Order, 9 April 2024)
  87. Lawrie John Fraser v Adriana Petronella NaudeCase CCT 14/98
  88. Lawrie John Fraser v The Children's Court, Pretoria North and OthersCCT 31/96 (decided 5 February 1997)
  89. Law Society of South Africa and Others v Minister for Transport and Another(CCT 38/10) [2010] ZACC 25
  90. Law Society of South Africa and Others v President of the Republic of South Africa and Others[2018] ZACC 51
  91. Law Society of the Cape of Good Hope v BudricksCase no: 141/2001
  92. Law Society of the Northern Provinces v Kyle[2016] ZASCA 120
  93. Law Society of the Northern Provinces v Louw De Witt Le Roux(185/2015) [2015] ZASCA 168
  94. Law Society of the Northern Provinces v Mabando(736/10) [2011] ZASCA 122
  95. Law Society of the Northern Provinces v Mogami and Others(588/08) [2009] ZASCA 107 (22 September 2009)
  96. Law Society of the Northern Provinces v Viljoen; Law Society of the Northern Provinces v Dykes(094/2010) [2010] ZASCA 176
  97. Law v Knysna Municipality[2024] ZAWCHC 261
  98. Lawyers for Human Rights and Another v Minister of Home Affairs and Another(CCT 18/03) [2004] ZACC 12
  99. Lawyers for Human Rights v Minister in the Presidency and Others[2016] ZACC 45
  100. Lawyers for Human Rights v Minister of Home Affairs and Others[2017] ZACC 22
  101. Lawyers for Human Rights v Rules Board for Courts of Law and Minister of Justice and Constitutional DevelopmentThe citation is not provided in the judgment text
  102. Lazanne Truter v Travelstart Online Travel Operations (Pty) LtdCase No: C811/2016 (Labour Court, Cape Town)
  103. Lazarus Mbethe v United Manganese of Kalahari (Pty) Ltd(503/2016) [2017] ZASCA 67 (30 May 2017)
  104. L Cronjé v The StateCase Number: 571/03 (unreported)
  105. L.C v J.C and Others[2024] ZAWCHC 247
  106. Leach Mokela Mohlomi v Minister of DefenceCCT 41/95
  107. Lead HV (Pty) Ltd and Another v HV Test (Pty) Ltd(1192/2022) [2024] ZASCA 36 (2 April 2024)
  108. Leadtrain Assessments (Pty) Ltd v Leadtrain (Pty) Ltd(427/2012) [2013] ZASCA 33 (28 March 2013)
  109. Lebashe Financial Services (Pty) Ltd v The Prudential Authority and Others(346/2021) [2022] ZASCA 141 (24 October 2022)
  110. Lebogang Peter Mashilo v The State(1129/2019) [2022] ZASCA 81 (2 June 2022)
  111. Lebogang Phillips v The State2016] ZASCA 187; Case No: 370/2016
  112. Lebowa Platinum Mines Ltd v Viljoen(733/2007) [2008] ZASCA 163 (01 December 2008)
  113. Lebudi v The Trustees of Prosperity MewsCSOS-14601/GP/23 (Adjudication Order, 15 March 2024)
  114. Leconfield Court Body Corporate v P BajicCSOS 7969/GP/23 (Adjudication Order, 18 March 2024)
  115. Ledwaba v The State(605/2018) [2018] ZASCA 64
  116. Leeroy Benson v The State(300/13) [2014] ZASCA 26 (28 March 2014)
  117. Leeuw v First National Bank(516/2008) [2009] ZASCA 161 (30 November 2009)
  118. Le Franschhoek Hotel (Pty) Ltd v Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration (CCMA) and OthersC238/2022, ZALCJHB (3 March 2025)
  119. Lefu Jantjie Bakane v The State(1180/2016) [2017] ZASCA 182 (5 December 2017)
  120. Legal Aid Board in re Four Children(512/10) [2011] ZASCA 39 (29 March 2011)
  121. Legal Aid Board v The State and Others(363/09) [2010] ZASCA 112 (22 September 2010)
  122. Legal Aid South Africa v Daniel Cornelis TheunissenLabour Appeal Court case no: CA14/18 (Labour Court case no: C297/17)
  123. Legal Aid South Africa v Magidiwana and Others[2015] ZACC 28
  124. Legal-Aid South Africa v Mzoxolo Magidiwana(1055/13) [2014] ZASCA 141 (26 September 2014)
  125. Legal Practice Council v Bulelani Rubushe(1004/2022) [2023] ZASCA 167 (1 December 2023)
  126. Legal Practice Council v Kleynhans[2024] ZAWCHC 196
  127. Legal Practice Council v Steffen[2024] ZAWCHC 48
  128. Legal Practitioners' Fidelity Fund v Guilherme(702/2022) [2023] ZASCA 96 (13 June 2023)
  129. Legator McKenna Inc v Shea(143/08) [2008] ZASCA 144 (27 November 2008)
  130. Legh v Nungu Trading 353 (Pty) Ltd(3/07) [2007] ZASCA 122
  131. Legoa, Michael v The StateCase no: 33/2002
  132. Le Grange v The State(040/2008) [2008] ZASCA 102 (18 September 2008)
  133. Le Hanie and Others v Glasson and Others(214/2021) [2022] ZASCA 59 (22 April 2022)
  134. Lehlabi v Trustees of Soldonne Village Body CorporateCSOS-15120-GP-23 (Adjudication Order, 28 March 2024)
  135. Lehlehla v Minister of Police (A37/2023) [2024] ZAWCHC 107 (19 April 2024)
  136. Leigh William Roering NNO and Another v Qedani Mahlangu(581/2015) [2016] ZASCA 79 (30 May 2016)
  137. Lekabane Gilford Matsekoleng v Synergy World Logistics (Pty) LtdCase No. J780/20 (Labour Court)
  138. Lekgotho Phillip v Mamba Security ServicesCase No: JR 2459/21 (Labour Court, Johannesburg)
  139. Lekup Prop Co No 4 (Pty) Ltd v Wright(286/11) [2012] ZASCA 67 (23 May 2012)
  140. Lemoenshoek Plase (Edms) Bpk v ButtCase Number: 23702/2010 and 12863/2011
  141. Lemoenshoek Plase (Edms) Bpk v Departement van Waterwese en anderNot provided in the judgment (delivered 21 May 2015)
  142. Lenette Janse De Wit & Others v Toerien De Wit N O & Others[2026] ZASCA 23 (06 March 2026)
  143. Lentikile Michael Mocumi v The State(323/2015) [2015] ZASCA 201 (2 December 2015)
  144. Leo Manufacturing CC v Robor Industrial (Pty) Ltd t/a Robor Stewarts & Lloyds(608/2004) [2006] ZASCA 19
  145. Leonard Coetzee obo De Tijger Estate Homeowners' Association v Jerome van der MeulenCSOS 11153/WC/22 (Amended Adjudication Order, 1 August 2023)
  146. Leon Ferdinand Smuts v Wilfred Booyens; Markplaas (Edms) Bpk and Leon Ferdinand Smuts v Wilfred BooyensSaaknr: A/222/99 en 257/99
  147. Leonidas Souzou Michael and Another v Linksfield Park Clinic (Pty) Limited and AnotherCase No: 361/98
  148. Leon Smith v The State(595/2012) [2013] ZASCA 38 (28 March 2013)
  149. Leopard Rock Home Owners' Association v Dennis BandaCSOS Ref: CSOS1086/GP/23 (Adjudication Order, 20 November 2023)
  150. Leopards Rest Homeowners' Association NPC v K & H RabaliCSOS 6703/GP/23 (Adjudication Order, 5 March 2024)
  151. Leopards Rest Homeowners' Association NPC v Pretty MakgoroCSOS 6084/GP/23 (Adjudication Order, 9 February 2024)
  152. Leopards Rest Homeowners Association v Nthabiseng Angelina MmusoCSOS002556/GP/23 (Adjudication Order, 24 July 2023)
  153. Lepelle Industrial and Mining Supplies CC v Streaks Ahead Investments (Pty) Ltd and Others(429/2019) [2020] ZASCA 133
  154. Lepogo Construction (Pty) Ltd v The Govan Mbeki Municipality(623/2013) [2014] ZASCA 154 (29 September 2014)
  155. Le Roux and Others v Dey(44/2009) [2010] ZASCA 41 (30 March 2010)
  156. Le Roux and Others v The State(444/2008) [2010] ZASCA 7 (5 March 2010)
  157. Le Roux NO and Others v Botha NO and Others(Case no 427/19) [2020] ZASCA 67 (17 June 2020)
  158. Le Roux v The Honourable Magistrate Mr Viana(494/06) [2007] ZASCA 173
  159. Le Roux v Zietsman and Another(330/2022) [2023] ZASCA 102 (15 June 2023)
  160. Lesiba Simon Kekana v The State(37/2018) [2018] ZASCA 148 (31 October 2018)
  161. Lesira Manufacturing (Pty) Ltd v K G Schulz and OthersCase No: JR 409/2021 & J 2156/19 (Labour Court)
  162. Leslie v Viana and Another[2024] ZAWCHC 80
  163. Lester v Ndlambe Municipality[2013] ZASCA 95 (22 August 2013); Case No: 514/12
  164. Letamo Game Farm v MB Molaba and DB MolabaCSOS Adjudication Order Ref: CSOS1819/GP/23 (13 October 2023)
  165. Lethabo Masoga and Lebohang Maeleso v Pick 'n Pay Retailers (Pty) Ltd and OthersCase no: JA 14/2018
  166. L E Thom (Pty) Limited v Ba-Phalaborwa Municipality(20236/14) [2015] ZASCA 95 (01 June 2015)
  167. Letlhogonolo Sean Matsile v Road Accident FundCase Number: 2024/084333 (Gauteng Division, Johannesburg)
  168. Letseng Diamonds Limited v JCI Limited(580/07) [2008] ZASCA 157 (27 November 2008)
  169. Levack, Hamilton Caesar and Others v Regional Magistrate, Wynberg and AnotherCase no: 403/2000 (SCA)
  170. Levin v Levin(644/09) [2011] ZASCA 114 (03 June 2011)
  171. Levi Strauss & Co v Coconut Trouser Manufacturers (Pty) Ltd(274/99) [2001] ZASCA 44 (17 May 2001)
  172. Levy v GlynosCase CCT 29/00
  173. Lewarne v Fochem International (Pty) Ltd(1073/18) [2019] ZASCA 114 (18 September 2019)
  174. Lewis Stores (Pty) Ltd v Summit Financial Partners (Pty) Ltd and Others(314/2020) [2021] ZASCA 91 (25 June 2021)
  175. Lewis Stores (Pty) Ltd v The Minister of Finance and The Commissioner of the South African Revenue ServiceCase no 368/2001
  176. LexisNexis South Africa (Pty) Ltd v The Minister of Justice and Constitutional Development(1018/2024) ZASCA 181 (01 December 2025)
  177. LexisNexis South Africa (Pty) Ltd v The Minister of Justice and Constitutional Development(1018/2024) [2025] ZASCA 181 (01 December 2025)
  178. Leysath v Legal Practitioners' Fidelity Fund Board of Control(770/2021) [2022] ZASCA 115 (28 July 2022)
  179. L F Bezuidenhout NO v EskomCase No: 379/2001, [2002] Supreme Court of Appeal
  180. Liam Village Body Corporate v Patrick Mzingisi NdongeniCSOS6705/GP/23 (Adjudication Order, 3 December 2023)
  181. Liberty Group Limited t/a Liberty Life v K and D Telemarketing(1290/18) [2020] ZASCA 41
  182. Liberty Group Limited v Mall Space Management CC t/a Mall Space Management(644/18) [2019] ZASCA 142 (1 October 2019)
  183. Liberty Group Limited v Mohammed Shaaz Moosa(126/2021) [2023] ZASCA 52 (14 April 2023)
  184. Liberty Group Limited v Warren Patrick Broughton Illman(1334/2018) [2020] ZASCA 38 (16 April 2020)
  185. Liberty Investors Limited (In Members' Voluntary Liquidation) v The Commissioner for the South African Revenue ServiceCase No 353/04
  186. Liberty Life Association of Africa Limited v P J de Waal NO and J G Roux NOSaaknommer 422/97 (SCA)
  187. Lichtenstein v S(1094/2015) [2016] ZASCA 132 (29 September 2016)
  188. Liebenberg v Electoral Commission of South Africa[2024] ZAEC 16 (20 May 2024)
  189. Liesching and Others v The State[2018] ZACC 25
  190. Liesching and Others v The State and Another[2016] ZACC 41
  191. Liesl Ungerer v Keri Janet Ferreira and OthersCase No: 4475/2024 (High Court of South Africa, Eastern Cape Division, Gqeberha)
  192. Lieutenant Colonel KB O'Brien NO v The Minister of Defence and Military Veterans and Others(1271/2021) [2022] ZASCA 178
  193. Lifa Dlova v Minister of Police and National Director of Public ProsecutionsCase No.: 3046/2022, High Court of South Africa (Eastern Cape Division – Gqeberha), judgment delivered on 28 November 2024
  194. Life Wise (Pty) Ltd t/a Eldan Auto Body v Competition Commission of South AfricaCAC CASE NO: 197/CAC/Nov21
  195. L I Ganes and Another v Telecom Namibia LimitedCase No: 608/2002 (SCA)
  196. Likhona Merile v Minister of Police and National Director of Public ProsecutionsCase No. 725/2021 (High Court of South Africa, Eastern Cape Division, Bhisho)
  197. Lilian Dudley v The City of Cape TownCase CCT 5/04
  198. Lilian Dudley v The City of Cape Town and Ivan TomsCCT 5/04
  199. Lilian Waldeck obo Blue Waters Homeowners' Association v RP MyburghCSOS 3480/WC/23 (Adjudication Order, 21 August 2023)
  200. Limbouris and Others v Du Toit N.O and Others (23112/2023) [2024] ZAWCHC 213; [2024] 4 All SA 562 (WCC); 2025 (1) SA 247