The Competition Commission initiated and investigated complaints of anti-competitive conduct in the flexible polyurethane foam industry, including price fixing and market division, involving Loungefoam, Vitafoam, Feltex, and entities within the Steinhoff and Kap corporate groups. After referring the complaint to the Competition Tribunal, the Commission sought to amend its referral to add new allegations, expand liability, and join Steinhoff Africa as a respondent. The Tribunal granted the amendments and joinder. On appeal, the Competition Appeal Court overturned the Tribunal’s decision, holding that the Commission had not properly initiated complaints against certain parties and that the amendments were impermissible. The Commission then sought leave to appeal directly to the Constitutional Court against the CAC’s judgment.