The City of Cape Town awarded several public tenders to Viking Pony Africa Pumps (Pty) Ltd, trading as Tricom Africa, despite Hidro-Tech Systems (Pty) Ltd submitting lower-priced tenders. Hidro-Tech alleged that Viking obtained preference points fraudulently by misrepresenting its HDI (Historically Disadvantaged Individual) status through fronting practices. Hidro-Tech furnished the City with detailed allegations and affidavits from former directors and shareholders indicating that HDI shareholders were token participants, excluded from management and economic benefits, and that benefits flowed instead to a related company, Bunker Hills Pumps (Pty) Ltd, which was wholly white-owned. Despite these allegations, the City failed to take substantive action. Hidro-Tech approached the Cape High Court seeking a mandamus compelling the City to act under regulation 15 of the Preferential Procurement Regulations. The High Court granted the order, and Viking and Bunker Hill appealed to the Supreme Court of Appeal.